Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Analyzed and Excluded Populations1
| Overall Analyzed Cohort | Excluded | p3 | Analyzed 1 to 11 years | Analyzed 12 to 18 years | p4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | N | N | N | |||||||
|
|
||||||||||
| N | 390 | 2174 | 146 | 244 | ||||||
| Age (years) | 390 | 11.9 (± 5.6) | 2174 | 4.0 (± 5.9) | <0.01 | 146 | 5.4 (± 3.5) | 244 | 15.8 (± 1.9) | <0.01 |
| Male | 390 | 247 (63.3 %) | 2165 | 1288 (59.5 %) | 0.15 | 146 | 85 (58.2 %) | 244 | 162 (66.4 %) | 0.10 |
| Witnessed status | <0.01 | 0.26 | ||||||||
| EMS witnessed | 390 | 15 (3.8 %) | 2174 | 87 (4 %) | 146 | 4 (2.7 %) | 244 | 11 (4.5 %) | ||
| Bystander witnessed | 390 | 128 (32.8 %) | 2174 | 432 (19.9 %) | 146 | 48 (32.9 %) | 244 | 80 (32.8 %) | ||
| Not witnessed | 390 | 236 (60.5 %) | 2174 | 1459 (67.1 %) | 146 | 87 (59.6 %) | 244 | 149 (61.1 %) | ||
| Unknown/missing | 390 | 11 (2.8 %) | 2174 | 196 (9 %) | 146 | 7 (4.8 %) | 244 | 4 (1.6 %) | ||
| Bystander CPR | 390 | 206 (52.8 %) | 2174 | 1010 (46.5 %) | 0.02 | 146 | 88 (60.3 %) | 244 | 118 (48.4 %) | 0.02 |
| EMS response time (minutes)2 | 375 | 6 (± 2.6) | 1972 | 5.7 (± 3.5) | 0.11 | 142 | 5.4 (± 1.9) | 233 | 6.3 (± 2.9) | <0.01 |
| Initial rhythm | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||||
| VT/VF/AED-Shock | 390 | 61 (15.6 %) | 2174 | 102 (4.7 %) | 146 | 10 (6.8 %) | 244 | 51 (20.9 %) | ||
| Pulseless Electrical Activity | 390 | 58 (14.9 %) | 2174 | 245 (11.3 %) | 146 | 24 (16.4 %) | 244 | 34 (13.9 %) | ||
| Asystole | 390 | 250 (64.1 %) | 2174 | 1286 (59.2 %) | 146 | 105 (71.9 %) | 244 | 145 (59.4 %) | ||
| Cannot determine/other | 390 | 21 (5.4 %) | 2174 | 541 (24.9 %) | 146 | 7 (4.8 %) | 244 | 14 (5.7 %) | ||
| Shock Delivered | 390 | 104 (26.7 %) | 2161 | 222 (10.3 %) | <0.01 | 146 | 19 (13.0 %) | 244 | 85 (34.8 %) | <0.01 |
| Number of shocks (if shocked) | 102 | 2.8 (± 2.4) | 219 | 2.6 (± 2.4) | 0.35 | 17 | 2.4 (± 1.7) | 85 | 2.9 (± 2.5) | 0.23 |
| Public location | 390 | 74 (19.0 %) | 2158 | 203 (9.4 %) | <0.01 | 146 | 18 (12.3 %) | 244 | 56 (23.0 %) | <0.01 |
| ROSC | 390 | 124 (31.8 %) | 2173 | 312 (14.4 %) | <0.01 | 146 | 28 (19.2 %) | 244 | 96 (39.3 %) | <0.01 |
| Survival to 24 hours | 383 | 105 (27.4 %) | 2094 | 366 (17.5 %) | <0.01 | 143 | 26 (18.2 %) | 240 | 79 (32.9 %) | <0.01 |
| Survival to hospital discharge | 383 | 53 (13.8 %) | 2097 | 153 (7.3 %) | <0.01 | 143 | 15 (10.5 %) | 240 | 38 (15.8 %) | 0.14 |
1
Categorical variables are reported as No. (%). Continuous variables are reported as mean (± standard deviation).
2
Excludes EMS witnessed cases.
3
p value for comparison across included and excluded populations
4
p value for comparison across pre-determined age categories