Table S1.

Measurements of cranial and axial muscles, and volume and pressure of the mouth cavity during suction expansion

Variable	Bass1	Bass2	Bass3	Pooled
Muscle mass, unilateral, g
Epaxial	106.8	66.3	93.9	89.0 ± 12.0
Hypaxial	68.7	40.1	62.7	57.1 ± 8.7
Levator arcus palatini	1.9	1.4	2.0	1.8 ± 0.20
Dilator operculi	0.32	0.20	0.24	0.25 ± 0.04
Levator operculi	0.30	0.20	0.46	0.32 ± 0.08
Sternohyoid	5.7	3.4	5.8	4.9 ± 0.78
Muscle initial length (Li), mm
Epaxial	87.9 ± 0.13	94.9 ± 2.8 (n = 6)	108.5 ± 0.26 (n = 9)	96.9 ± 1.9
Hypaxial	101.2 ± 0.78	53.8 ± 6.2 (n = 6)	86.0 ± 0.67 (n = 9)	83.2 ± 4.2
Levator arcus palatini	17.5 ± 0.04	17.3 ± 0.04	19.1 ± 0.05	18.0 ± 0.16
Dilator operculi	15.8 ± 0.40	12.8 ± 0.04	17.4 ± 0.08	15.4 ± 0.38
Levator operculi	20.1 ± 1.0	22.4 ± 0.05	22.0 ± 0.04	21.5 ± 0.39
Sternohyoid	38.2 ± 2.6	38.5 ± 0.21	46.2 ± 0.18	41.0 ± 1.1
Peak muscle velocity, Li/s
Epaxial	1.2 ± 0.19	1.2 ± 0.20 (n = 6)	0.67 ± 0.15 (n = 9)	1.0 ± 0.11
Hypaxial	0.84 ± 0.31	1.6 ± 0.57 (n = 6)	0.46 ± 0.19 (n = 9)	0.89 ± 0.21
Levator arcus palatini	0.03 ± 0.18	0.36 ± 0.25	0.39 ± 0.11	0.26 ± 0.11
Dilator operculi	0.15 ± 0.26	0.88 ± 0.35	0.25 ± 0.13	0.41 ± 0.16
Levator operculi	1.81 ± 0.79	2.17 ± 0.19	1.47 ± 0.12	1.80 ± 0.28
Sternohyoid	−0.13 ± 0.30	0.20 ± 0.41	0.27 ± 0.16	0.11 ± 0.17
Peak rate of volume change, cm3/s	655.3 ± 54	881.9 ± 87	841.1 ± 76	789.7 ± 76
Peak magnitude of volume change, %	222.7 ± 13	248.7 ± 9.1	279.7 ± 14	247.0 ± 13
Peak pressure, kPa	−4.43 ± 0.98	−9.67 ± 1.4	−3.67 ± 0.28	−5.80 ± 1.2

Means ± SE are listed. For all variables except mass, n = 10 strikes for Bass1 and Bass3, n = 9 strikes for Bass2, and n = 29 strikes for data pooled across individuals, unless noted otherwise. The mass of each muscle was measured in each individual, and the mean (n = 3 fish) was calculated from the pooled data.