Table 1.
Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristics
| Characteristic (N = 239) | Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy (n = 183; % [No.]) | Not Both/Neither* (n = 56; % [No.]) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 35 (64) | 41 (23) | .41 |
| Lives alone | 61 (112) | 64 (36) | .68 |
| White race | 62 (113) | 61 (34) | .89 |
| Age group, years | |||
| < 55 | 32 (59) | 20 (11) | < .01 |
| 55-64 | 32 (58) | 25 (14) | |
| 65-74 | 21 (38) | 16 (9) | |
| ≥ 75 | 15 (28) | 39 (22) | |
| Insurance | |||
| Covered by at least one insurer/payer | 83 (151) | 81 (44) | .72 |
| None/NA/missing | 17 (32) | 19 (12) | |
| Education | |||
| < 12 years | 46 (85) | 50 (28) | .64 |
| ≥ 13 years | 54 (98) | 50 (28) | |
| Source of case | |||
| HMO | 64 (117) | 71 (40) | .18 |
| Cancer registry | 21 (39) | 23 (13) | |
| VA | 15 (27) | 5 (3) | |
| Locoregional clinical staging | |||
| MRI or TRUS | 34 (63) | 18 (10) | .02 |
| PET | 29 (53) | 14 (8) | .03 |
| CEA | 86 (158) | 73 (41) | .02 |
| Stage III (v stage II) | 54 (99) | 59 (33) | .52 |
| Tumor size, mm | |||
| Median | 48 | 47 | .81 |
| IQR | 30-55 | 30-60 | |
| Sphincter status | |||
| Preserved | 63 (115) | 80 (45) | .01 |
| Removed | 37 (68) | 20 (11) | |
| Chemotherapy (n = 203) | |||
| Neoadjuvant | 65 (119) | 0 (0) | < .01 |
| Adjuvant | 35 (64) | 100 (20) | |
| Radiotherapy (n = 188) | |||
| Neoadjuvant | 65 (119) | 60 (3) | .82 |
| Adjuvant | 35 (64) | 40 (2) | |
| Comorbidity | |||
| None | 34 (62) | 25 (14) | .61 |
| Mild | 41 (75) | 48 (27) | |
| Moderate | 17 (31) | 20 (11) | |
| Severe | 8 (15) | 7 (4) | |
| Baseline survey type | |||
| Full | 76 (139) | 63 (35) | .03 |
| Brief | 14 (25) | 16 (9) | |
| Surrogate, live | 9 (17) | 14 (8) | |
| Surrogate, deceased | 1 (2) | 7 (4) | |
| State of health rating | |||
| Baseline | |||
| Mean | 68 | 71 | .40 |
| SD | 22 | 22 | |
| 1 year before | |||
| Mean | 84 | 75 | .02 |
| SD | 21 | 25 | |
| Current health state | |||
| Excellent/very good | 39 (71) | 41 (23) | .05 |
| Good | 35 (64) | 30 (17) | |
| Fair/poor | 23 (42) | 16 (9) | |
| Unknown/NA | 3 (6) | 13 (7) | |
| Survival | |||
| Alive 1 year after diagnosis | 94 (172) | 88 (49) | .22 |
| Alive 7 years after diagnosis | 56 (103) | 48 (27) | .29 |
Abbreviations: CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; HMO, health maintenance organization; IQR, interquartile range; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not applicable; PET, positron emission tomography; SD, standard deviation; TRUS, transrectal ultrasound; VA, Veterans Affairs.
*
Received chemotherapy only, radiotherapy only, or neither.