Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Populations
| Trait | Probands N = 118 |
Offspring N = 228 |
Controls N = 78 |
p Value Probands vs Controls* |
p Value Offspring vs Control
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| † | ‡ | |||||
| % Female | 74 | 50 | 63 | .10 | .06 | .06 |
| Age, y | 98.0 (0.3) | 68.0 (0.5) | 75.6 (1.2) | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 |
| Age range, y | 95–106 | 50–92 | 51–94 | |||
| Adiponectin, μg/mL | 17.0 (0.8) | 12.8 (0.5) | 12.5 (0.8) | .01 | .75 | .02 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.4 (0.3) | 26.3 (0.3) | 25.3 (0.4) | <.0001 | .11 | .59 |
| Body fat, % | 25.2 (0.8) | 29.2 (0.5) | 30.8 (0.9) | <.0001 | .13 | .58 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 177 (3.0) | 206 (2.8) | 196 (4.4) | .0007 | .08 | .14 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 116 (4.4) | 154 (6.8) | 119 (5.8) | .39 | .009 | .005 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 114 (3.3) | 116 (2.4) | 114 (4.3) | .97 | .79 | .75 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 56.7 (1.7) | 61.1 (1.2) | 61.3 (2.1) | .02 | .94 | .66 |
| Large LDL particle size, % of total | 73.7 (2.1) | 62.4 (2.0) | 56.2 (3.6) | .003 | .13 | .03 |
| Large HDL particle size, % of total | 61.6 (1.3) | 51.3 (1.1) | 51.9 (1.8) | .009 | .76 | .99 |
| Waist circumference, inches | 37.5 (0.3) | 34.5 (0.2) | 35.0 (0.2) | <.0001 | .36 | .06 |
| BP-systolic, diastolic, mmHg | 139 (2), 74.3 (1) | 135 (1.4), 79.3 (0.7) | 138 (1.9), 77.6 (1) | .85, .02 | .4, .04 | .17, .16 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 111 (3) | 92.9 (2.2) | 92.9 (3.1) | <.0001 | .77 | .99 |
| Metabolic syndrome, % of total | 23 | 16 | 13 | .017 | .50 | .25 |
Notes: Data are expressed as mean (standard error [SE]). Crude means are shown. Triglycerides, which were not normally distributed, were ln-transformed for analysis but presented as untransformed raw values for presentation. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria.
p values between probands and controls adjusted for BMI and sex (adiponectin, cholesterol [mg/dL], triglycerides [mg/dL], LDL [mg/dL], HDL [mg/dL], Large LDL particle size [% of total], Large HDL particle size [% of total]), waist circumference [inches], BP-systolic, diastolic [mmHg], Glucose [mg/dL], metabolic syndrome [% of total]).
p values between offspring and controls unadjusted.
p values between offspring and controls adjusted for age, sex and BMI (adiponectin, cholesterol [mg/dL], triglycerides [mg/dL], LDL [mg/dL], HDL [mg/dL], large LDL particle size [% of total], large HDL particle size [% of total], waist circumference [inches], BP-systolic, diastolic [mmHg], glucose [mg/dL], metabolic syndrome [% of total]).
BMI = body mass index; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein.