Fig. 4.

Ultrafiltration of CCM results in higher recovery of particles after density gradient purification. (a) Particle analysis of 1 mL fractions collected from density gradient. Ultracentrifugation results in a significantly higher proportion of particles at higher densities in fractions 8–10. (b) Total particles (<100 nm) isolated from ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration of CCM before density gradient purification results in a higher yield of <100 nm particles compared to ultracentrifugation preparation. (c) Percentage recovery of particles collected from fraction 6 and 7 is higher with the ultrafiltration protocol compared to ultracentrifugation. (d) Size distribution of particles isolated from both protocols indicates no difference in size profile of particles isolated. (e) EM images of exosomes isolated with ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration protocols, size bar=200 nm. n=3±SEM, *p<0.05. UC: ultracentrifugation; UF: ultrafiltration.