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. 2014 Mar 17;18(6):1134–1143. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12260

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© 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Pax6 expression pattern in the chick optic vesicle and neuroepithelium is perturbed by caffeine. Whole-mount immunostaining was performed in control and caffeine-treated HH9 (A–D), HH12 (E–H) and HH13 (I–L) chick embryos respectively. (A1–K3) Transverse sections of A–L (indicated by dotted white line) showing the spatiotemporal expression pattern for Pax6 in the developing eye. OV: optic vesicle; ILP: invaginating lens placode; RET: retina; RPE: retinal pigment epithelium. Scale bars = 500 μm in A–L, and 100 μm in A1–K3.