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. 2014 Apr 24;18(6):1144–1156. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12274

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© 2014 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Paracrine effects of growth factors between telocytes (TCs) and renal fibroblasts under two conditions. The mRNA expression of HGF, TGF-α, TGF-β and EGF was significantly lower in TCs in renal fibroblasts in the co-culture system identical to that of the CCK-8 assay (A). There was no significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of the growth factors between the NRK-52E cells co-cultured with TCs and renal fibroblasts (B). After stimulation of TCs by using inflammatory cytokines, the mRNA expression levels of HGF, TGF-α, TGF-β, EGF, bFGF and IGF-1 were significantly higher than in non-stimulated TCs. However, the mRNA expression levels of HGF, TGF-α, bFGF and IGF-1 were significantly lower in TCs than that in renal fibroblasts following stimulation by using inflammatory cytokines (C). TC-control group: TCs cultured with complete medium. *Statistically significant difference compared with the TC-control group; #statistically significant difference between the TC and FIB groups. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.