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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: PM R. 2015 Feb 4;7(7):711–718. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.01.020

Table 4. Least Squares Means ± S.E. of Change from Baseline of VAS, BPI, and PPT, Adjusted for Baseline, Site, Gender, Age, and Exercise Status.

VAS (score) BPI (score) PPT (pounds)
Responders -2.87±0.16 -1.32±0.22 2.12±0.50
Non-responders -1.00±0.30 0.04±0.38 0.85±0.96

Abbreviation: VAS, verbal analogue scale; BPI, brief pain inventory; PPT, pain pressure threshold.