TABLE 1.
Patient characteristics
| No. | Sex/age (yr)a | Underlying malignancyb | Culture result (source) | Pathological imaging | GM (no. of samples tested/no. of positive samples)c | Maximum GM value | IFDd | BDG (no. of samples tested/no. of positive samples)f | Maximum BDG value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | f/1 | ALL relapse | Fusarium spp. (palate) | − | 25/2 | 1.0 | Proven | 24/24 | >500 |
| 26 | f/16 | Thalassemia major | C. krusei (blood) | − | 5/0 | 0.1 | Proven | 5/0 | 34 |
| 1 | m/6 | AML relapse | − | Pulm CT scane | 20/5 | 2.3 | Probable | 21/6 | 113 |
| 25 | m/7 | AML relapse | − | Pulm CT scan | 45/1 | 0.7 | Probable | 46/24 | >500 |
| 3 | f/13 | AML | − | Pulm CT scan | 26/3 | 1.0 | Probable | 26/15 | >500 |
| 8 | f/13 | MDS | − | Pulm CT scan | 18/1 | 2.4 | Probable | 27/11 | >500 |
| 4 | f/2 | AML | − | − | 25/0 | 0.2 | − | 25/0 | 40 |
| 5 | m/0 | SCID | − | − | 23/0 | 0.1 | − | 24/24 | >500 |
| 6 | m/14 | Acute leukemia (bilinear) | − | − | 27/0 | 0.1 | − | 28/0 | 42 |
| 7 | m/11 | ALL relapse | − | − | 10/0 | 0.1 | − | 10/0 | 50 |
| 9 | f/7 | AML relapse | − | − | 6/0 | 0.2 | − | 6/0 | 10 |
| 10 | m/8 | AML | − | − | 15/0 | 0.1 | − | 15/3 | 244 |
| 11 | m/4 | AML | − | − | 28/0 | 0.2 | − | 28/2 | 116 |
| 12 | f/2 | AML | − | − | 21/0 | 0.4 | − | 21/0 | 71 |
| 13 | m/5 | T-cell lymphoma | − | − | 25/0 | 0.2 | − | 25/2 | 185 |
| 14 | m/13 | SCID | − | − | 24/0 | 0.4 | − | 24/24 | 446 |
| 15 | m/0 | Thalassemia major | − | − | 14/0 | 0.4 | − | 14/4 | 211 |
| 16 | m/1 | ALL | − | − | 21/0 | 0.4 | − | 21/8 | >500 |
| 17 | m/13 | ALL | − | − | 17/0 | 0.2 | − | 17/2 | 221 |
| 18 | m/6 | SAA | − | − | 33/0 | 0.3 | − | 34/13 | 321 |
| 19 | f/12 | ALL | − | − | 16/0 | 0.4 | − | 16/0 | 62 |
| 20 | f/7 | Primary immunodeficiency | − | − | 24/0 | 0.2 | − | 24/1 | 201 |
| 21 | f/4 | Thalassemia major | − | − | 20/0 | 0.1 | − | 20/6 | 482 |
| 22 | f/10 | AML | − | − | 13/0 | 0.1 | − | 13/1 | 135 |
| 23 | f/4 | Neuroblastoma | − | − | 23/0 | 0.2 | − | 23/2 | 367 |
| 24 | m/16 | ALL | − | − | 20/0 | 0.2 | − | 20/3 | 160 |
| 27 | m/1 | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome | − | − | 15/0 | 0.2 | − | 15/6 | 179 |
| 28 | m/4 | Diamond-Blackfan anemia | − | − | 21/0 | 0.2 | − | 21/6 | >500 |
| 29 | f/0 | ALL relapse | − | − | 16/0 | 0.3 | − | 16/0 | 72 |
| 30 | m/16 | ALL | − | − | 25/0 | 0.2 | − | 25/3 | 138 |
| 31 | f/15 | ALL | − | − | 20/0 | 0.1 | − | 20/1 | 121 |
| 32 | f/1 | AML | − | − | 13/0 | 0.1 | − | 13/0 | 63 |
| 33 | m/14 | CML | − | − | 26/0 | 0.3 | − | 26/2 | 129 |
| 35 | m/0 | HLH | − | − | 22/0 | 0.3 | − | 25/2 | 191 |
f, female; m, male.
ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; SCID, severe combined immunodeficiency; SAA, severe aplastic leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; HLH, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
GM, galactomannan.
Invasive fungal disease (IFD) was defined according to the revised definitions by the EORTC/MSG consensus group, with the necessary modification that β-d-glucan (BDG) was not included in the microbiological criteria (4). None of the patients without proven or probable IFD was diagnosed with possible IFD.
Whereas the pulmonary (Pulm) CT scan showed a cavity in the left lower lobe in patient #1, well-circumscribed lesions without halo-sign were seen in patients #3, #8, and #25.
BDG was considered positive for levels of ≥80 pg/ml.