Figure 4.

Contribution of transcription to miRNA level alteration in cancer. Several transcription factors are able to control the level of expression of miRNAs. In particular, as described in the text, SMAD, Myc, ATM, BRCA1/2 and p53 influence miRNA transcription. P53 can regulate onco-suppressor miRNAs, which are involved in the control of p53 turnover. SMAD, ATM, BRCA1/2 and Myc could influence the transcription levels of miRNAs involved in cell plasticity, cell proliferation and survival, and cell invasion control. Moreover, SMAD is also involved in miRNA processing, by Drosha expression levels control. Ex: example of miRNA regulated by transcription factors.