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. 2015 Jul 21;8:37. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00037

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Copyright © 2015 Zhou, Pan and Lin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Other photosensory modules with potential benefits for neurobiological applications. (A) Phytochrome – PIF based protein membrane translocation. Phytochrome (PhyB) is localized at plasma membrane by fusing to a membrane-trafficking peptide, and a POI is in fusion with the PIF domain. Red light-mediated PhyB-PIF interaction drives the POI to the plasma membrane, initiating downstream reactions. (B) Dronpa system for optogenetic control of protein function through steric blockade. Dronpa(K145N) forms tetramers. A POI is flanked by Dronpa on either terminus. When Dronpa is in multimeric form, the protein is caged and unable to perform its normal functions. Exposure to cyan light causes Dronpa to monomerize, uncaging the protein. A subsequent exposure to violet light will cause Dronpa to multimerize, again caging the protein.