Table 1.

Memory task and molecular changes: unimpaired vs. impaired aging vs. adult rats.

Function/dysfunction	Major findings	References
Following MWM training	Brain area: hippocampal (CA1)	Ménard and Quirion, 2012
Groups
AI	-AI dysfunctional memory, ↑ in hippocampal (CA1) mGluR5 in PSD -Hippocampal up-regulated Homer 1a and 1b/c levels PSD
AU	-AU had enhanced mGluR5 as well as Homer 1b/c stainings. - AU had higher PKCc, ERK, p70S6K, mTOR, and CREB activation. - AU higher expression of immediate early gene Arc/Arg3.1.

MWM, Morris Water Maze; Aging AU, memory unimpaired; aging impaired memory (IM), PSD, post-synaptic densities.