Table 3.
Patient- and procedure-related risk factors identified for the development of PEP
| Risk factor | Study Group (N = 82) | Control Group (N = 84) |
P
value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient-related | |||
| Oddi - Female sex | 51 | 59 | 0.27 |
| Oddi - Suspected sphincter dysfunction oddi | 12 | 15 | 0.72 |
| - History of recurrent acute Pancreatitis | 4 | 5 | 0.76 |
| - Previous post-ERCP pancreatitis | 2 | 1 | 0.54 |
| - Normal serum bilirubin. | 26 | 24 | 0.66 |
| Procedure-related | |||
| - Attempts to cannulation | 7.3 ± 3.6 | 7.2 ± 3.5 | 0.97 |
| - Time cannulation | 6.0 ± 3.5 | 6.8 ± 3.6 | 0.14 |
| - Difficult cannulation of the bile duct (>8 attempts) | 38 | 40 | 0.86 |
| - Failed cannulation of the bile duct | 4 | 4 | 0.58 |
| - Precut (access) sphincterotomy | 49 | 46 | 0.51 |
| - Biliary sphincterotomy | 49 | 48 | 0.73 |
| - Diameter of the bile duct | 11.5 ± 5.3 | 11.6 ± 4.2 | 0.84 |
| - Biliary Stent | 26 | 22 | 0.08 |
| - Pancreatography | 41 | 38 | 0.34 |
| - Number of passes | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 0.25 |
| - Number of injections | 1.5 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 0.52 |
| - Pancreatography extension | |||
| * Partial | 8 | 6 | 0.14 |
| * Full | 31 | 30 | |
| * Acinarizacion | 2 | 2 | |
| - Pancreatic sphincterotomy | 7 | 5 | 0.36 |
| - Brushed wirsung duct | 8 | 9 | 0.33 |
| - Pancreatic stenting | 2 | 2 | 0.62 |
| - Total procedure time | 23.2 ± 6.7 | 24.6 ± 7.3 | 0.22 |