Table 4.

Association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with HBV, stratified by sex and age, with adjustment for competing mortality

	HBV cohort			Non-HBV cohort				Hazard ratio (95 % CI)
	n	PY	CKD events	n	PY	CKD events	Crude	P	Adjusted*	P
Sex
Men	10428	68249	294	41712	274693	525	2.26 (1.96–2.61)	<0.001	3.05 (2.50–3.71)†	<0.001
Women	7368	48243	131	29472	192357	297	1.77 (1.44–2.18)	<0.001	2.56 (1.93–3.41)†	<0.001
Age (year)
< 50	13428	84358	203	53712	337813	191	4.30 (3.53–5.24)	<0.001	2.86 (1.98–4.13)	<0.001
≧50	4368	32133	222	17472	129237	631	1.40 (1.20–1.63)	<0.001	1.19 (0.90–1.56)	0.22
Men
< 50 years	7888	49981	140	31552	200858	132	4.28 (3.38–5.43)	<0.001	2.98 (2.32–3.83)	<0.001
≧50 years	2540	18268	154	10160	73835	393	1.57 (1.30–1.89)	<0.001	1.58 (1.31–1.91)	<0.001
Women
< 50 years	5540	34378	63	22160	136955	59	4.34 (3.05–6.19)	<0.001	2.99 (2.04–4.42)	<0.001
≧50 years	1828	13865	68	7312	55402	238	1.13 (0.86–1.48)	0.37	1.18 (0.90–1.55)	0.24

Abbreviations: HBV hepatitis B virus, PY person-year, CI confidence interval

*Adjusted for all covariates (age, sex, major comorbidities, use of herbs containing aristolochic acid, geographic region, urbanization level, enrollee category, number of medical visits, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and propensity score) and interaction terms (HBV/age, HBV/sex, HBV/age/sex), minus the covariate and interaction terms on which stratified

†Age was treated as a continuous variable in multivariate analysis