Table 3.

Postoperative VAS score values^*

Period	Group C(n = 20)	Group PE(n = 20)	Group PED(n = 20)	P Valuea
Postop	0.45±0.826	1.10±0.968	0.80±0.894	0.081
Hour 1	1.40±0.883	1.25±0.910	1.40±1.314	0.874
Hour 4	1.20±1.105	1.10±1.021	1.00±1.298	0.859
Hour 24	1.15±0.875	1.40±0.940	0.40±0.681	0.001**
Hour 48	1.00±0.858	1.30±1.031	0.40±0.754	0.008**
Discharge	1.60±0.883	1.90±0.308	0.20±0.616	0.000***
Month 1	1.90±0.852	1.90±0.968	1.70±1.490	0.814
Month 3	2.00±1.026	1.40±1.142	1.20±1.322	0.088
Month 6	1.85±1.496	1.15±1.348	0.60±1.142	0.017**

Group C, Control Group; Group PE, Pre-emptive Epidural Group; Group PED, Pre-emptive Epidural + Dexketoprofen Group.

^*All values are given as mean ± Standard Deviation.

^**P<0.05.

^***P<0.001.

^aOne way ANOVA.