Table 1.

A list of studies that have used circuit resistance training (CRT) on different health variables after SCI.

Reference	Participants	Methods	CRT Program	Results	Conclusion
Jacobs, P. L et al. 2001[52]	- 10 male subjects, age 28 – 44 years old - SCI at T5 – L1	- Cardiorespiratory Training - Resistance Training for 12 weeks. Completed 10 repetitions	- Military Press - Horizontal Rows - Pec. Deck - Preacher Curls - Wide Grip -Lat. Pull down - Seated Dips	- Increase in VO2 peak by 29.7% - 21% increase in muscular strength	- ↑Cardiorespiratory and Muscular fitness due to upper extremity circuit training - No report of changes in body composition was found
Hicks et al. 2003[53]	- 34 men and women with SCI. - 19–65 years old - C4- L1, AIS A–D.	- 9 month study - 2 session/ week - 9–120 minutes - Resistance Training included weight training system - Power Training included 3, 5–7 min. sessions of arm cranking		- Up to 34% improvement in upper body muscular strength - Up to an 81% increase in total power output	- ↑ in upper extremity muscular strength due to circuit resistance training - No report of changes in body composition was found
Bizzarini et al. 2005 [54]	- 21 subjects with SCI - 19–66 years old -C4-L2, AIS B, C.	- 5 days/week for 6 weeks. - 90 min/day - 3 sets/ 8 repetitions - 40%–60% 1RM	- Latissimus (lat.) Dorsi - Deltiformis - Pectoralis - Triceps Brachii - Biceps Brachii	- ↑ in workload (watts) for all participants over 6 week period	- No report of changes in Body Composition
Durán et al. 2001[55] 15–38	- 12 men and 1 woman with SCI - 15–38 years old -T3–T12, AIS A, B, C	- 3 sessions - 40 min/day - 120 min/week - 16 weeks - 40%–80% maximal heart rate	- Bench Press - Military press - Dumbbell (bicep) - Dumbbell (tricep) - Dumbbell (Shoulder abductor) - Butterfly Press - Curl Back Neck	- Significant % increase in weight (kg) and repetitions in resistance exercise	- Upper extremity resistance training was shown to provide beneficial increases to muscular strength and endurance
Nash M, 2007[60]	7 Healthy Men - 39–58 years old - complete paraplegia -T5–T12	40–45 min sessions - 3 times/ week - 16 weeks - 50–60% 1 RM	- Overhead Press - Horizontal Row - Horizontal Butterfly - Bicep Curl - Lat. Pull down - Triceps Press	- 38.6% ↑ - 59.7% ↑ - 41.6% ↑ - 41.4% ↑ - 38.6% ⇡ - 44.0% ⇡	CRT provides favorable increases in muscular strength in individuals with SCI - No report of changes in body composition
Jacobs P.L., 2009[61]	- 18 subjects - Complete Paraplegia - T6–T10	- 3 sessions/ week - 12 weeks - Endurance Training: 30 minutes of arm crank at 70–85% HR(peak) - Resistance Training: 3 sets, 10 repetitions at 6 exercise station. 60–70% 1 rep max.	- Horizontal Press - Horizontal Row - Overhead Press - Overhead Pull - Seated Dips - Arm Curls	- VO2 Peak increased by 15.1% in RT and 11.8% in endurance training	- ↑ in upper extremity strength, aerobic capacity, muscular strength and power by participating in resistance training - No changes were reported for body composition
Sasso & Backus, 2013[62]	- 1 male with T12 SCI - 44 years old.	- 3/days/week -12 weeks - 6 UE exercises - 3 sets/ 10 reps - 65%–75% HRM - Arm Crank - 3 minutes - 65%–75% HRM	- Bicep Curls - Seated Rows - Wide Grip Lat. Pull down - Seated Dips - Chest Fly - Shoulder press - Rapid, low intensity endurance exercise	- 14.3% ↑ in Lat. Pull down - 13% ↑ in Bench press - 6.4% ↓ in HR at Anaerobic Threshold - 13.4% ↑ in relative VO2 Peak	- A 12 week, at home exercise routine, was shown to improve cardiorespiratory and muscular strength in individuals with SCI