Table 1.

The maternal endocrine and metabolic profile at E18.5.

Analysis	Control Diet	HF/HS Diet	p-value
Leptin (ng/ml)	22.7 ± 2.6	32.6 ± 2.8	0.01
Insulin (ng/ml)	0.21 ± 0.06	0.76 ± 0.12	0.0001
Adiponectin (μg/ml)	21.8 ± 0.97	19.2 ± 0.78	0.05
HMW adiponectin (μg/ml)	16.6 ± 1.4	6.9 ± 0.5	0.0001
Glucose (mg/dl)	146 ± 7.8	143± 7.6	0.8
Cholesterol (mg/dl)	44.3 ± 2.8	65.6 ± 4.5	0.0002
NEFA (mEq/l)	0.84 ± 0.06	1.0 ± 0.06	0.08
Phospholipids (mg/dl)	72.5 ± 5.9	117.3 ± 9.5	0.0002
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	46 ± 3.2	52 ± 3.9	0.40

Fasting (4 hours) serum samples at E18.5, n = 18-20 in each group; Values are means ± SEM, unpaired Student's t-test. NEFA; Non-esterified fatty acids. Data were tested for normal distribution (Shapiro Wilk test) and insulin, NEFA and TGs were found to deviate from normal distribution. Therefore, this data was log transformed, which made the data normally distributed, and Students t-test was performed on the log transformed data.