Table 2.
Bacteriophage-based therapy in animal models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia
| Animal model | Route | Dose | Duration of treatment | Strain | Bacteriophages tested | Time of evaluation of the effect | Endpoint(s) | Study |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse pneumonia | Intranasal | 2×109 to 5×109 PFU/mL (50 μL/animal) | Single dose 2 hours after infection | Clinical strain from CF patient | Cocktail of two newly isolated phages (ϕMR299-2 and ϕNH-4) | 4–8 hours after treatment | Increased lung bacterial clearance | Alemayehu et al55 |
| Mouse lethal pneumonia | Intranasal | 3×107 or 3×108 PFU | Single dose 2 hours after infection | MDR P. aeruginosa strain from CF patient | PAK-P or P3-CHA bacteriophage | 18 hours after treatment | Reduced mortality Reduced lung damage |
Morello et al54 |
| Mouse lethal pneumonia | Intranasal | 3×108 PFU | Single dose 4 days before infection | MDR P. aeruginosa strain from CF patient | PAK-P or P3-CHA bacteriophage | 4 days after preventive treatment | Preventive effect: 100% survival | Morello et al54 |
| Mouse lethal pneumonia | Intranasal | 10:1 phage to bacteria ratio (108 PFU) | Single dose 2 hours after infection | PAK bioluminescent P. aeruginosa strain | PAK-P1 bacteriophage | 6–24 hours after infection | Reduced mortality Reduced lung inflammation |
Debarbieux et al53 |
| Mouse lethal pneumonia | Intranasal | 10:1 phage to bacteria ratio (108 PFU) | Single dose 24 hours before infection | PAK bioluminescent P. aeruginosa strain | PAK-P1 bacteriophage | 24 hours after preventive treatment | Preventive effect: 100% survival | Debarbieux et al53 |
Abbreviations: CF, cystic fibrosis; MDR, multidrug resistant; PFU, plaque-forming unit.