Table 1. Summary of comorbid conditions associated with poor asthma outcomes in adults and the elderly.
Comorbid condition | Outcomes of asthma |
---|---|
General comorbidity burden | Impaired asthma-related quality of life53 |
Unscheduled asthma care13 | |
Emergency department visit11 | |
Frequent hospitalization12 | |
30-day fatality after asthma hospitalization54 | |
Rhinosinusitis and/or nasal polyp | Severity55,56,57 |
SE-IgE sensitization | Severity58 |
Obesity | Symptom frequency and activity28,60 |
Asthma-related costs64 | |
Severity (controversial)57,61 | |
Smoking | Asthma-related quality of life66 |
Poor asthma control66 | |
Frequent exacerbation16,66 | |
Frequent hospitalization66 | |
Asthma-related mortality66 | |
Fixed airway obstruction66,67 | |
COPD overlap, or reduced FEV1 | Poor asthma control70 |
Frequent exacerbation16 | |
Depression | Poor medication adherence72 |
Frequent exacerbation73 |
SE-IgE, staphylococcal enterotoxin IgE; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.