Table 4.
Predictors of ten health worker performance outcomes from multivariate analyses
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Recommended treatment | Adequate treatment | Adherence to guide-lines (%) | Recommended fever treatment | Adequate fever treatment | Recommended pneumonia treatment | Adequate pneumonia treatment | Recommended anemia treatment | Adequate anemia treatment |
| Mean value | 63.6% | 77.8% | 96.5% | 80.1% | 87.5% | 47.1% | 75.6% | 76.0% | 82.7% |
| Health facility level | |||||||||
| Large (vs. small) facility | |||||||||
| Health worker level | |||||||||
| Health worker age, years | 0.96** | 0.93** | −0.11* | 0.94** | 0.89** | 0.92** | 0.95** | 0.95 | |
| Female health worker | 1.46 | ||||||||
| 10+ consultations on day of visit | 1.33* | 1.56** | 1.18 | 1.59 | 1.58* | ||||
| Previous malaria training† | 1.18 | 2.96* | |||||||
| No. of supervision visits in previous 6 months | 1.07 | 0.17 | 1.18** | 1.13 | 0.87* | 1.15* | 1.15* | ||
| 1+ other IMCI-trained health worker at facility | 1.38 | 1.77* | 1.90* | ||||||
| Patient level | |||||||||
| Age <1 year | 1.82** | 0.66** | 1.37* | 1.68** | 1.53** | 2.63** | |||
| Female sex | 1.16 | 1.27* | |||||||
| Patient temperature, degrees Celsius | 0.96 | −0.30** | 0.88 | ||||||
| No. of total IMCI tasks required (case complexity) | 0.95** | 0.96 | −0.51** | 0.88** | 0.99 | ||||
| At least one danger sign | 0.33** | 0.19** | −3.38** | 0.08** | 0.07** | 0.45 | 30.52** | 9.86** | |
| Gold-standard diagnosis of fever | 1.41 | 2.89** | ¥ | ¥ | 4.24** | 3.11** | |||
| Gold-standard diagnosis of anemia | 0.27** | 0.49** | −0.97** | ¥ | ¥ | ||||
| Gold-standard diagnosis of pneumonia | 0.83 | 0.61* | 1.17** | ¥ | ¥ | 2.03** | |||
| Gold-standard diagnosis of diarrhea | 0.39* | 3.41** | 3.28** | ||||||
| Patient complaint of cough or difficult breathing | 0.94 | 0.97 | 0.85* | ||||||
| Patient complaint of diarrhea | 2.04** | 1.10 | |||||||
| Patient complaint of fever or malaria | −0.30 | 0.78 | 1.76* | ||||||
| Interaction: HW age x no. of previous supervision visits | 1.02* | ||||||||
Note: each column contains the measure of association between the predictors included in a model and the outcome. All measures of association are odds ratios, except for outcome 3, which is the absolute percentage-point change in the outcome per unit change in the predictor). Blank cells indicate that predictors were not included in the model because they were neither significant in bivariate analyses nor a confounder/additional predictor (see Methodology section for further details).
*Significant at p<0.05 level
**Significant at p<0.01 level
¥Predictor excluded from the model due to collinearity
†Prior to IMCI training, which all health workers received. Previous diarrhea training modeled for diarrhea treatment outcome