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. 2015 Jul 21;81(16):5593–5603. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03987-14

FIG 1.

FIG 1

Catabolic steps in agmatine metabolism across various organisms. The different enzymatic steps are numbered as follows: 1, amine oxidase (3, 25, 26); 2, agmatine deiminase (27–31); 3, agmatinase (13, 32); 4, GBald dehydrogenase (33–35); 5, GBase (11, 19, 36, 37); 6, GABA transaminase (15, 38, 39); 7, SSA dehydrogenase (15, 40); 8, N-carbamyl putrescine hydrolase (27–30); 9, di-/polyamine oxidase (3, 18, 26); 10, GABald dehydrogenase (19, 20); 11, arginine decarboxylase (7, 9, 41, 42); 12, arginase (2, 43, 45); 13, ornithine decarboxylase (2); 14, urease (2, 46). TCA, tricarboxylic acid. The metabolites and enzymes reported in A. niger prior to this work are shown in black.