FIGURE 2.

Differential expressions of the five GiACS genes as determined by data-mining previously published transcriptome data available at GiardiaDB. All data were derived from G. intestinalis assemblage A WB strain. (A) Expression profiles based on serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) in trophozoites (Troph), cysts, and during excystation and encystation (Palm et al., 2005). S1 (stage 1) = under acidic condition to mimic the stomach. S2 (stage 2) = trypsin and slight alkaline conditions to mimic the small intestines. (B) Transcriptional levels in trophozoites based on strand-specific RNA-seq using the Illumina HiSeq2000 platform (Franzen et al., 2013). FPKM = fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads; (C) Transcriptional changes in response to encystation stimuli based on a dual-color hybridization of a full-genome microarray analysis, in which encystation was induced in vitro for 45 min, 3 h, and 7 h by standard 2-step protocol or for 7 h by lipid starvation (7hLS) (Morf et al., 2010). (D) Transcriptional changes in trophozoites during interacting with host cells as determined by a full-genome microarray analysis, in which trophozoites were used to infect Caco-2 cells in DMEM medium or cultured in cell-free TYDK medium for varied times (Ringqvist et al., 2011).