Table 2.
Rare-variant Effect Configurations in Power Simulations
| Model | %age of Rare Variantsa with Positive/Negative/Neutral Effects | Effect Magnitudes of Causal Variantsb |
|---|---|---|
| III | 20%/0/80% | All positive with |β| = 0.2828 |
| IV | 40%/0/60% | All positive with |β| = 0.2 |
| V | 60%/0/40% | All positive |β| = 0.1633 |
| VI | 20%/20%/60% | Half positive and half negative with |β| = 0.2 |
| VII | 40%/0/60% | All positive, half with |β| = 0.24 and half with |β| = 0.15 |
| VIII | 40%/0/60% | Effect sizes drawn i.i.d. from a uniform distribution on the interval from 0.15 to 0.2461 |
Note.
a
The total number of rare variants is 50 in all models.
b
Effect sizes are determined so that approximately 1.86% of the phenotypic variance is explained by the rare variants being tested.