Figure 4.

Genome-wide gene expression analyses during chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSC. A) Hierarchical clustering and representative heatmap of genome-wide gene expression at different stages during hiPSC differentiation to hiChondrocytes and comparison with undifferentiated hiPSC and adult chondrocytes. B) Top gene ontology terms significantly enriched at different stages during chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSCs. C) Gene expression for characteristic markers of mesodermal subtypes and posterior, mid-, anterior, and late PS observed at an early stage (d 4) during chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSCs. D–F) Expression of known Sox9-regulated genes including transcription factors, signaling molecules, and ECM proteins in the Sox9^low and Sox9^high populations induced during chondrogenic differentiation of hiPSCs. Data presented as means ± se for gene expression vs. hiPSCs (n = 2 biologic replicates).