Table 6.

Comparison of amino acid profile by insulin resistance

(nmol/mL)	HOMA-IR ≤ 1.6	HOMA-IR > 1.6	P
Glycine	211.1 ± 51.7	201.1 ± 42.4	0.495
Alanine	321.8 ± 58.3	370.2 ± 70.8	0.007
Serine	114.2 ± 20.2	104.3 ± 19.1	0.092
Threonine	123.9 ± 26.2	120.8 ± 14.2	0.662
Valine	202.2 ± 36.8	232.0 ± 34.3	0.006
Isoleucine	57.5 ± 11.3	72.0 ± 14.0	<0.001
Leucine	115.2 ± 22.6	135.7 ± 22.0	0.002
Lysine	171.4 ± 31.9	175.1 ± 30.9	0.695
Arginine	49.4 ± 16.6	60.2 ± 15.8	0.027
Histidine	78.3 ± 8.1	82.7 ± 6.9	0.060
Tyrosine	56.2 ± 10.0	66.0 ± 8.9	0.001
Phenylalanine	53.9 ± 8.1	61.6 ± 7.2	0.001
Tryptophan	55.3 ± 8.4	58.2 ± 10.8	0.256
Methionine	23.2 ± 4.1	24.2 ± 3.8	0.418
Cysteine	12.5 ± 4.1	13.8 ± 3.6	0.272
Proline	131.9 ± 34.4	167.2 ± 54.3	0.002
Glutamine	505.6 ± 72.7	515.9 ± 61.2	0.619
Glutamic acid	38.5 ± 16.2	53.6 ± 25.1	0.004
Asparagine	47.6 ± 6.6	43.8 ± 7.7	0.057
Aspartic acid	2.8 ± 0.6	3.4 ± 1.4	0.014
Total AA	2544.0 ± 299.2	2723.1 ± 249.6	0.037
NEAA	1663.0 ± 211.7	1760.9 ± 182.1	0.107
EAA	881.0 ± 120.1	962.1 ± 105.4	0.020
BCAA	374.9 ± 67.7	439.7 ± 66.6	0.001

Data are mean ± SD.

BCAA, branched-chain amino acid

EAA, essential amino acid

HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance

NEAA, non-essential amino acid

Total AA, total amino acid.