Table 4.
Physical activity outcomes in women aged 75-85 who took part in two year balance training programme for prevention of fall induced injuries (intervention) or no such programme (control). Mean changes are shown with 95% confidence intervals
| Control group | Intervention group | Estimated mean difference* between groups (95% CI)† | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data | No in group | Data | No in group | ||||
| Walking for casual activities‡ (No/week) | |||||||
| Mean at baseline (SD) | 4.77 (2.17) | 354 | 4.33 (2.24) | 352 | — | — | |
| Mean change from baseline to 12 mo | 0.33 (0.08 to 0.57) | 309 | 0.23 (−0.02 to 0.48) | 295 | 0.31 (−0.05 to 0.67) | 0.09 | |
| Mean change from baseline to 24 mo | 0.48 (0.21 to 0.75) | 287 | 0.16 (−0.10 to 0.44) | 281 | 0.10 (−0.29 to 0.48) | 0.64 | |
| Walking for casual activities‡ (h/week) | |||||||
| Mean at baseline (SD) | 3.06 (2.44) | 354 | 2.78 (2.32) | 352 | — | — | |
| Mean change from baseline to 12 mo | −0.14 (−0.42 to 0.13) | 309 | −0.04 (−0.33 to 0.24) | 295 | 0.39 (−0.01 to 0.79) | 0.05 | |
| Mean change from baseline to 24 mo | −0.30 (−0.64 to 0.04) | 287 | −0.55 (−0.9 to −0.20) | 281 | 0.04 (−0.40 to 0.48) | 0.86 | |
| Walking for exercise (No/week) | |||||||
| Mean at baseline (SD) | 4.09 (2.32) | 199 | 3.80 (2.45) | 183 | — | — | |
| Mean change from baseline to 12 mo | −0.02 (−0.42 to 0.36) | 181 | 0.00 (−0.4 to 0.4) | 186 | 0.36 (−0.11 to 0.84) | 0.13 | |
| Mean change from baseline to 24 mo | −0.03 (−0.45 to 0.38) | 151 | −0.24 (−0.68 to 0.18) | 140 | 0.12 (−0.40 to 0.64) | 0.65 | |
| Walking for exercise (h/week) | |||||||
| Mean at baseline (SD) | 2.11 (2.82) | 354 | 1.89 (2.89) | 352 | — | — | |
| Mean change from baseline to 12 mo | −0.19 (−0.52 to 0.13) | 309 | −0.37 (−0.71 to −0.04) | 298 | 0.04 (−0.45 to 0.54) | 0.86 | |
| Mean change from baseline to 24 mo | 0.01 (−0.32 to −0.34) | 286 | −0.08 (−0.42 to 0.25) | 279 | 0.13 (−0.36 to 0.63) | 0.60 | |
| Leisure physical activities§ (No/week) | |||||||
| Mean at baseline (SD) | 1.02 (1.21) | 354 | 0.99 (1.32) | 352 | — | — | |
| Mean change from baseline to 12 mo | −0.29 (−0.48 to −0.11) | 309 | −0.30 (−0.49 to −0.11) | 298 | 0.04 (−0.25 to 0.33) | 0.79 | |
| Mean change from baseline to 24 mo | −0.23 (−0.43 to −0.03) | 287 | −0.02 (−0.22 to 0.17) | 282 | 0.26 (0.00 to 0.52) | 0.05 | |
| Leisure physical activities§ (h/week) | |||||||
| Mean at baseline (SD) | 2.43 (2.86) | 354 | 2.23 (3.06) | 352 | — | — | |
| Mean change from baseline to 12 mo | −0.38 (−0.73 to −0.03) | 309 | −0.50 (−0.86 to −0.15) | 298 | 0.10 (−0.43 to 064) | 0.70 | |
| Mean change from baseline to 24 mo | −0.11 (−0.48 to 0.25) | 286 | −0.07 (−0.44 to 0.29) | 2801 | 0.27 (−0.26 to 0.80) | 0.31 | |
*Negative mean difference between groups indicates better performance by intervention group.
†Computed from unadjusted marginal model with random effect for centre.
‡Such as walking to general practitioner, pharmacy, or store.
§Includes walking, swimming, dancing, gym classes, gardening, biking, and yoga.