Table 3.

Relationships Between BPD Severity and Momentary BPD Symptoms: Before and After Accounting for Triggers

	Avoid Aband.	Relation Intens.	Uncert. Self	Impuls Behav	Self Harm	Unstab. Mood	Feeling Empty	Intense Anger	Unreal Exp.
BPD Effect Alone	.116**	.124**	.119**	.091**	.018**	.182**	.176**	.088**	.112**
BPD Effect Controlling for Triggers and Contingencies	.090**	.069**	.072**	.057**	.012**	.114**	.109**	.035**	.077**
BPD Effect Controlling for Triggers, Contingencies, and Contingency Severity Differences	.088**	.062**	.048**	.049**	.007*	.099**	.080**	.024*	.064**

Note. Table entries are unstandardized coefficients from multilevel models, showing the increase in frequency of the symptom for each point of BPD severity. In each analysis, the DV is the symptom from the top row of the table, and the IV’s are listed on the left. Given the strong relationships between BPD severity and triggers, the fact that triggers remained significant predictors of symptoms (except for isolated triggers predicting anger or self-harm) means that the reductions in the BPD associations were meaningful.

BPD = borderline personality disorder; Avoid Aband = efforts to avoid abandonment; Relation Intens = relationship intensity; Uncert Self = uncertain sense of self; Impuls Behav = impulsive behavior; Unstab Mood = unstable mood; Unreal Exp = unreal experience.

^*p < .05,

^**p < .01.