Table 2.

Coefficient estimate sub-model of spatial heterogeneity for the two ultimately selected sub-models of spatial heterogeneity

No. of sub-model	Type of function	Coefficient	Estimate	Standard error	t-value
2	Power	λa	1·176	0·239	4·933***
		α	1·809	0·390	4·641***
		m	3097·167	1064·776	2·909**
		n	0·429	0·179	2·394*
10	Logistic	λa	1·005	0·105	9·565***
		α	1·567	0·214	7·318***
		r	24·608	9·978	2·466*
		Kt	1399·487	228·681	6·120***

The number of each sub-model corresponds to that in Supplementary Data S3.

Both sub-models were fitted for the case when MIZ = 8·0 m and the effect of obstacle was not considered.

***P < 0·001; **P < 0·01; *P < 0·05.