TABLE III.

Characteristics of Nonsyndromic Cases With Bladder Exstrophy (BE) Reported by 22 Surveillance Programs of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research (ICBDSR)

	All cases (n = 537)		Cases with isolated BE (n = 381)		Cases with BE and MCA (n = 156)
	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)
Sex
Male	320	59.6	257	67.5	63	40.4
Female	173	32.2	123	32.3	50	32.1
Indeterminate	41	7.6	0	0.0	41	26.3
Missing data	3	0.6	1	0.3	2	1.3
Outcome
Live births	494	92.0	371	97.4	123	78.8
Stillbirths	20	3.7	4	1.0	16	10.3
ETOPFA	21	3.9	4	1.0	17	10.9
Missing data	2	0.4	2	0.5	0	0.0
Birth weight among live births (g)
<1,500	9	1.8	2	0.5	7	5.7
1,500–2,499	59	11.9	28	7.5	31	25.2
>2,500	412	83.4	330	88.9	82	66.7
Missing data	14	2.8	11	3.0	3	2.4
Gestational age among live births (weeks)
<32	12	2.4	4	1.1	8	6.5
32–36	57	11.5	26	7.0	31	25.2
≥37	385	77.9	304	81.9	81	65.9
Missing data	40	8.1	37	10.0	3	2.4
Parity
0	102	19.0	76	19.9	26	16.7
1	141	26.3	93	24.4	48	30.8
≥2	104	19.4	67	17.6	37	23.7
Missing data	190	35.4	145	38.1	45	28.8
Previous spontaneous abortions
0	184	34.3	130	34.1	54	34.6
≥1	35	6.5	20	5.2	15	9.6
Missing data	318	59.2	231	60.6	87	55.8
Plurality
Single	489	91.1	347	91.1	142	91.0
Twin	16	3.0	8	2.1	8	5.1
Triplet	1	0.2	1	0.3	0	0.0
Missing data	31	5.8	25	6.6	6	3.8
Maternal education (years)
<9	57	10.6	32	8.4	25	16.0
≥9	103	19.2	77	20.2	26	16.7
Missing data	377	70.2	272	71.4	105	67.3

ETOPFA, elective termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly.

Syndromic cases (n = 9) were excluded from analysis.