Table 3.
Descriptive Statistics for Study 2 (National Child Development Study): Characteristics of Participants at Each Assessment Wave and of Participants With Lifetime Unemployment Data
| Characteristic | Assessment wave |
Lifetime-unemployment sample (n = 10,107) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age 23 (n = 7,616) | Age 33 (n = 6,938) | Age 42 (n = 7,247) | Age 50 (n = 6,251) | ||
| Unemploymenta | 10.9% | 4.8% | 2.4% | 2.8% | 8.6 months |
| Self-controlb (mean) | 11.67 (1.63) | 11.69 (1.59) | 11.75 (1.56) | 11.79 (1.53) | 11.77 (1.62) |
| Intelligencec (mean) | 44.56 (15.63) | 45.03 (15.33) | 45.37 (15.20) | 46.25 (14.50) | 44.06 (15.75) |
| Female (%) | 43.4 | 43 | 47.1 | 48.1 | 50.1 |
| Social classd (%) | |||||
| I | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.1 |
| II | 14.0 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 14.6 | 13.2 |
| III | 61.2 | 61.8 | 61.7 | 61.6 | 61.6 |
| IV | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 12.1 |
| V | 8.5 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 7.6 | 9.0 |
Note: Standard deviations are given in parentheses. Lifetime unemployment refers to unemployment from age 16 to age 50.
The table shows the percentage of participants who were unemployed at each wave and the total number of months of unemployment for participants in the lifetime-unemployment sample. bUnstandardized self-control scores ranged from 0 to 10.5; higher scores indicate better self-control. cUnstandardized intelligence scores ranged from 0 to 80; higher scores indicate higher intelligence. dSocial class was derived from the father’s occupation: I = professional occupations, II = managerial or technical occupations, III = skilled workers, IV = semiskilled workers, and V = unskilled workers.