Table 5.

Mean comparison of height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ), body-mass index (BMIZ), under arm muscle area (ZUMA), and tricep skin fold (ZTSF) z-scores by age and sex across all group ranches

	Sex	Infants	Children	Juveniles	Adolescents	Adults
HAZ	♂a	−1.31	−1.57	−0.92	−1.58	−0.25
	♀b	−1.43	−1.21	−1.26	−0.92	−0.19
	P-Value	NS	NS	NS	<0.01	NS
WHZ/BMIZ	♂	−0.04	−1.42	−1.88	−1.81	−1.54
	♀c	−0.06	−1.62	−1.79	−1.37	−1.27
	P-value	NS	NS	NS	<0.01	<0.01
ZUMA	♂d	–	−2.04	−2.30	−2.53	−2.04
	♀e	–	−1.46	−1.86	−1.31	−0.91
	P-value		0.03	0.02	<0.001	<0.001
ZTSF	♂f	–	−0.29	−1.25	−0.75	−0.43
	♀	–	−0.59	−0.95	−0.87	−0.83
	P-Value		NS	NS	NS	<0.01

P-Values shows significant differences between male and females

^aMale adults have significantly higher HAZ than all male groups except for Juveniles (F = 22.07, P < 0.01)

^bFemale adults have significantly higher HAZ than all other female groups (F = 20.4, P < 0.01)

^cJuvenile females have significantly lower BMIZ than adolescent and adult females (F = 5.22, P < 0.01)

^dMale adults have significantly higher ZUMA than male adolescents (F = 3.02, P < 0.05)

^eFemale adults have significantly higher ZUMA than any other group; Female adolescents have significantly higher ZUMA than female juveniles (F = 19.34, P < 0.01)

^fMale children have significantly higher ZTSF than male juveniles; male adults have significantly higher ZTSF than male juveniles (F = 3.99, P < 0.01)