FIGURE 1.
tcs3 mutants exhibit severe growth phenotypes. A, schematic representation of anti-codon stem loop of tRNAs that pair A-starting codons, indicating position 37 where t6A is present. Anti-codon (red) and codon (black) are also depicted. B, comparison between larvae from wild-type (wt), homozygous mutants for tcs3 (tcs3f and tcs3e) and a trans heterozygous genetic background (tcs3f/tcs3e). Ubiquitous Tcs3 expression using the armadillo-Gal4 driver (tcs3e+Tcs3) rescued the growth phenotype. C, Tcs3 mRNA was not detected by RT-PCR in tcs3f. Actin was amplified as loading control. D, mosaic fat body generated by FRT/FLP-mediated recombination shows that tcs3 is required for growth cell autonomously. Cell area quantification shows that mutant cells (GFP−, white arrowhead) are significantly smaller than wild-type cells (GFP+) (n = 50 cells).