Table 3.
Logistic linear regression analysis of associations between individual imaging signs and primary and secondary outcomes, adjusted for age, NIHSS score, and time to randomisation
|
Symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage |
Death at 7 days or before |
Death at 6 months or before |
Alive and independent (OHS score 0–2) |
Favourable outcome (OHS score 0–1) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p | |
| Early ischaemic signs | ||||||||||
| Visible infarct | 1·48 (1·00–2·19) | 0·049 | 1·64 (1·24–2·16) | 0·0004 | 1·39 (1·15–1·68) | 0·0007 | 0·67 (0·55–0·81) | <0·0001 | 0·63 (0·51–0·79) | <0·0001 |
| Hypoattenuation* | 1·54 (1·04–2·27) | 0·032 | 1·64 (1·25–2·16) | 0·0004 | 1·39 (1·15–1·68) | 0·0007 | 0·66 (0·55–0·81) | <0·0001 | 0·62 (0·50–0·78) | <0·0001 |
| Severe hypoattenuation† | 1·31 (0·67–2·56) | 0·432 | 1·04 (0·63–1·74) | 0·872 | 0·92 (0·63–1·33) | 0·649 | 0·87 (0·60–1·27) | 0·482 | 0·78 (0·51–1·19) | 0·246 |
| Large or very large lesion‡ | 1·32 (0·85–2·05) | 0·218 | 2·22 (1·67–2·96) | <0·0001 | 2·07 (1·64–2·60) | <0·0001 | 0·51 (0·38–0·68) | <0·0001 | 0·40 (0·28–0·58) | <0·0001 |
| Very large lesion§ | 1·51 (0·89–2·57) | 0·131 | 3·20 (2·29–4·47) | <0·0001 | 2·28 (1·68–3·11) | <0·0001 | 0·29 (0·17–0·47) | <0·0001 | 0·22 (0·10–0·46) | <0·0001 |
| Swelling | 1·31 (0·87–1·97) | 0·199 | 1·55 (1·17–2·06) | 0·002 | 1·43 (1·16–1·77) | 0·0008 | 0·59 (0·46–0·75) | <0·0001 | 0·55 (0·41–0·73) | <0·0001 |
| Hyperattenuated arteries | 1·54 (1·03–2·29) | 0·034 | 1·44 (1·09–1·91) | 0·009 | 1·41 (1·15–1·73) | 0·001 | 0·59 (0·47–0·75) | <0·0001 | 0·63 (0·48–0·83) | 0·001 |
| Pre-existing signs | ||||||||||
| Any leukoaraiosis¶ | 1·01 (0·68–1·50) | 0·967 | 1·09 (0·82–1·45) | 0·536 | 1·38 (1·14–1·67) | 0·001 | 0·72 (0·59–0·87) | 0·0007 | 0·62 (0·50–0·76) | <0·0001 |
| Severe leukoaraiosis‖ | 1·15 (0·77–1·70) | 0·499 | 1·17 (0·89– 1·54) | 0·267 | 1·43 (1·18–1·72) | 0·0002 | 0·66 (0·54–0·80) | <0·0001 | 0·62 (0·50–0·78) | <0·0001 |
| Atrophy** | 0·97 (0·58–1·64) | 0·917 | 0·83 (0·57–1·20) | 0·315 | 1·22 (0·93–1·60) | 0·149 | 0·74 (0·59–0·94) | 0·013 | 0·64 (0·50–0·82) | 0·0004 |
| Severe atrophy†† | 1·02 (0·64–1·63) | 0·923 | 0·87 (0·63–1·22) | 0·422 | 1·28 (1·03–1·59) | 0·026 | 0·79 (0·63–1·01) | 0·057 | 0·75 (0·57–0·99) | 0·040 |
| Old infarct | 1·72 (1·18–2·51) | 0·005 | 0·94 (0·72–1·22) | 0·622 | 1·05 (0·87–1·26) | 0·603 | 0·88 (0·73–1·05) | 0·149 | 0·79 (0·64–0·96) | 0·017 |
Associations for visible infarct (the summary variable) are provided for completeness. The odds ratio is the estimated odds of an outcome happening when the imaging feature is present, divided by the odds of an outcome happening when the imaging feature is absent. NIHSS=National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. OHS=Oxford Handicap Scale.
Mild or severe hypoattenuation versus none.
Severe hypoattenuation versus mild or none.
Large or very large lesion versus no lesion or small or medium lesion.
Very large lesion versus no lesion or small, medium, or large lesion.
Mild or severe leukoaraiosis versus none.
Severe leukoaraiosis versus mild or none.
Moderate or severe atrophy versus none.
Severe atrophy versus moderate or none.