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. 2015 Jul 24;6:207. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00207

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Copyright © 2015 French, Meisner, Liu, Weckström and Torkkeli.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Molecular phylogenetic analysis of arthropod opsins by maximum likelihood method. The tree is based on MAFFT aligned full-length sequences with honeybee pteropsin as an outgroup. Bootstrap values are indicated for all nodes supported at more than 50%. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in numbers of substitutions per site. Opsins are colored based on optimum wavelengths: purple for ultraviolet, blue, and green for their respective clades. Accession numbers for genes used: Vanessa cardui VanG, AY613986; VanB, AY613987; VanUV, AF414074; Drosophila melanogaster Rh1, K02315; Rh2, M12896; Rh3, M17718; Rh4, M17730; Rh5, U67905; Rh6, Z86118; Rh7, NM_079311; Apis mellifera AmLop1, U26026; AmLop2, BK005515; AmBLop, AF004168; AmUVop, AF004169; Pteropsin, BK005510; Tribolium castaneum Green, M_001162519; UV, XM_965251; Megoura viciae LW, AF189714; UV_A, AF1897145; Schistocerca gregaria Lo1, X80071; Lo2, X80072; Gryllus bimaculatus Green A, HM363620; Green B, HM363621; Blue, HM363622; UV, HM363623; Dianemobius nigrofasciatus LWop, FJ232921; BLop, AB291232; UVop, AB458852; Sphodromantis spec. Opsin, X71665; Triops granaries RhA, AB293428; RhB, AB293429; RhC, AB293430; RhD, AB293431; RhE, AB293432; Hasarius adansoni Rh1, AB251846; Rh2, AB251847; Rh3, AB251848; Limulus polyphemus Opsin1, L03781; Opsin2, L03782; Opsin5, FJ791252.