Table 4.

Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis of risk factors for the development of herpes zoster in kidney transplant patients, (n = 450)

Risk Factors	Hazard ratio	95 % Confidence Interval	p-value
Univariate analysis
Age, (years)
< 60	1.00 (referent)
≥ 60	2.598	1.180 - 5.721	0.018
Gender
Female	1.00 (referent)	-	-
Male	0.671	0.323-1.396	0.286
Pre-transplant VZV disease
No/Unknown	1.00 (referent)	-	-
Yes	10.777	3.262-35.612	0.0001
Induction agent
None	1.00 (referent)	-	-
Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)	0	0- n.ea	0.977
Basiliximab	0.36	0.81-1.612	0.182
Daclizumab	0.39	0.89-1.709	0.211
Rejection treatment
No	1.00 (referent)	-	-
Yes	2.08	0.624-6.930	0.233
Multivariate analysis
Age, (years)
< 60	1.00 (referent)
≥ 60	3.995	1.790-8.915	0.001
Pre-transplant VZV disease
No/Unknown	1.00 (referent)	-	-
Yes	16.022	4.624-55.522	0.008
Rejection treatment
No	1.00 (referent)	-	-
Yes	5.566	1.562-19.835	0.0001

^an.e.: not estimated