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Nicotine effects on spatial working memory. a Spontaneous alteration behavior. b Number of arm entries during an eight-min session in the Y-maze task on day 15 (N = 9–12/group). Vertical bars show mean ± S.E.M. **, ++ p < 0.01 compared with F344 saline-treated rats; # p < 0.01 compared with HIV-1Tg nicotine-treated rats
