Table 2.
Features of metastatic cancer and the final models, compared with controls
| Feature | Cases, n (%) | Cancer controls, n (%) | Healthy controls, n (%) | Cancer controls | Healthy controls | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multivariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||||||
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | ||||
| Groin pain | 16 (10) | 1 (1) | 5 (4) | 10.2 (1.2 to 8.2) | 0.032 | NS | |
| Pleurisy/pleural effusion | 9 (6) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 10.2 (1.1 to 9.2) | 0.038 | NS | |
| Shoulder pain | 27 (17) | 8 (5) | 21 (15) | 5.3 (1.6 to 1.8) | 0.007 | NS | |
| Loss of appetite | 32 (20) | 9 (6) | 8 (6) | 4.0 (1.2 to 1.3) | 0.021 | NS | |
| Vomiting | 40 (25) | 13 (9) | 9 (6) | 3.5 (1.3 to 9.4) | 0.011 | 3.6 (1.3 to 1.0) | 0.016 |
| Low back pain | 38 (24) | 17 (11) | 10 (7) | 2.5 (1.1 to 5.6) | 0.032 | 4.2 (1.5 to 1.2) | 0.006 |
| Flank/loin pain | 17 (11) | 7 (5) | 1 (1) | NS | 19.4 (1.8 to 2.10) | 0.016 | |
| Chest pain: musculoskeletal | 37 (23) | 12 (8) | 8 (6) | NS | 5.3 (1.7 to 1.6) | 0.004 | |
| Oedema | 35 (22) | 16 (11) | 11 (8) | NS | 3.4 (1.1 to 10) | 0.029 | |
| Investigation | |||||||
| Abnormal liver function | 61 (38) | 21 (14) | 14 (10) | 3.5 (1.6 to 7.5) | 0.002 | 5.1 (1.9 to 1.4) | 0.002 |
NS = not significant in the final multivariable model. OR = odds ratio.