Table 1.

Short- and long-term outcomes after bariatric surgery

	BPD/BPD-DS	RYGB
Complications
Mortality, %	1.1–1.2	0.3–0.5
Reoperation rate, %	11.5	7.2
Weight loss/comorbid conditions
Excess weight loss after 2 years, %	70	62–70
Improved glycemic control, %	83–88	76–91
Improved hypercholesterolemia, %	68–100	44–91
Arterial hypertension, %	70–92	63–87
Improved sleep apnea, %	79–87	49–95
Long-term malnutrition (>1 year)
Severe nutritional deficiency, %	4.1	2.1
Parenteral nutrition required, %	2.7	0.3
Protein malnutrition, %	0–18	0–1.4
Iron deficiency, %	0–44	5.9–50
Vitamin B12 deficiency, %	22	8–37
Vitamin D deficiency, %a	17–63	51

^aPreexisting deficiency in >50% of obese patients [28, 29].

BPD = Biliopancreatic diversion according to Scopinaro;

BPD-DS = biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch;

RYGB = Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.