Table 4.

Kidney function associations with MRI brain volumes and cognitive performance based on diabetes status

Domain	eGFRb				UACRb
	Diabetes		No diabetes		Diabetes		No diabetes
	Estimate ± SE	P-value	Estimate ± SE	P-value	Estimate ± SE	P-value	Estimate ± SE	P-value
MRI
TICV	–10.4 ± 23.1	0.65	49.2 ± 44.6	0.27	–4.6 ± 6.0	0.44	14.9 ± 11.4	0.19
CSFVa	3.0 ± 4.7	0.52	–21.6 ± 19.9	0.28	–0.3 ± 1.3	0.81	2.4 ± 3.4	0.49
TWMVa	–0.4 ± 5.3	0.94	–22.5 ± 14.1	0.11	–0.2 ± 1.3	0.90	3.3 ± 3.3	0.33
TGMVa	–0.1 ± 5.4	0.98	12.6 ± 14.4	0.38	0.8 ± 1.2	0.54	–0.7 ± 3.4	0.83
TWMLVab	0.2 ± 0.2	0.29	–1.0 ± 0.4	0.01	0.07 ± 0.05	0.12	–0.2 ± 0.07	0.01
HWMV	–0.04 ± 0.06	0.47	0.1 ± 0.2	0.63	–0.01 ± 0.02	0.74	0.01 ± 0.03	0.74
HGMV	–0.10 ± 0.2	0.62	0.09 ± 0.5	0.85	0.09 ± 0.05	0.10	–0.1 ± 0.1	0.15
Memory
RAVLT	0.4 ± 1.6	0.81	–2.8 ± 4.3	0.52	–0.06 ± 0.4	0.87	–0.9 ± 0.9	0.36
Rey total_long	–0.1 ± 0.6	0.81	–1.2 ± 1.5	0.43	0.0001 ± 0.1	0.99	–0.4 ± 0.4	0.36
Cognition
3MSE	1.0 ± 1.3	0.43	5.5 ± 2.4	0.02	–0.01 ± 0.3	0.96	0.3 ± 0.6	0.60
Executive function
Stroopb	0.1 ± 0.1	0.23	–0.3 ± 0.3	0.26	0.04 ± 0.02	0.07	–0.1 ± 0.1	0.26
Semantic Fluency	0.1 ± 0.7	0.85	–2.0 ± 1.6	0.21	0.1 ± 0.2	0.49	–0.2 ± 0.5	0.69
DSST	0.6 ± 2.3	0.78	–1.7 ± 4.0	0.67	–0.4 ± 0.6	0.56	–1.1 ± 1.1	0.31

Adjustment reflects UACR for eGFR analysis and eGFR for UACR analysis, plus adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking, HbA1c, duration of diabetes, CVD, SBP and DBP for imaging outcomes, and level of education for cognitive outcomes.

eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urine albumin:creatinine ratio; SD, standard deviation; TICV, total intracranial volume; CSFV, cerebrospinal fluid volume; TWMV, total white matter volume; TGMV, total gray matter volume; TWMLV, total white matter lesion volume; HGMV, hippocampus gray matter volume; HWMV, hippocampus white matter volume; RAVLT, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; 3MSE, Modified Mini-Mental State Examination; Digit Symbol Substitution Test.

^aAdditionally adjusts for TICV.

^bLog transformed.