Figure 4.

Prophylactic anti-tumor effect of various killed vaccines: At 2 weeks after the last immunization, mice were subcutaneously challenged with 0.5 × 10 ⁶ C3 tumor cells. Tumor growth was then measured twice a week and tumor volumes calculated (A); In addition, the survival rate was determined as a Kaplan–Meier plot (B). Mice in PBS and L.tar-vaccinated groups experienced rapid and exponential tumor growth, which was delayed by only 7 days after C3 challenge. Mice in the group 1 (Pichia-L1) had the significant differences with other groups except to group 3 (Gardasil) between days 35 and 50 after C3 challenge (*P < 0.05). Tumor volume is presented as the mean ± SD.