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. 2015 Feb 25;11(5):1235–1243. doi: 10.4161/21645515.2014.988554

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© 2015 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

© Diane Major, Jessica A Chichester, Rishi D Pathirana, Kate Guilfoyle, Yoko Shoji, Carlos A Guzman, Vidadi Yusibov, and Rebecca J Cox

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted.

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Figure 1. — HA-specific serum IgG (A) and IgA (B) responses in mice in the immunogenicity study. Groups of 6 mice were immunized twice (21 day interval) intranasally with plant derived H1N1 vaccine at 15, 5 or 1.5 μg HA in combination with 5 μg of c-di-GMP or with PBS plus 5 μg cdi-GMP (control). Blood samples were collected at days 0, 21, 28, 35 and 42 and serum IgG and IgA levels were analyzed by ELISA. * = significantly (P < 0.05) different from Day 0 titers.