Table BI.
Multivariate logistic regression main effect models for Tips exposure and smoking-related beliefs
| Independent variable | Cigarette smoking is related to… | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart disease OR (95% CI) | Stroke OR (95% CI) | Tracheotomy OR (95% CI) | Buerger's/amputation OR (95% CI) | Asthma OR (95% CI) | Smoking causes immediate damage OR (95% CI) | |
| Post-campaign period | 1.14 (0.99, 1.31)+ | 1.58 (1.41, 1.78)*** | 1.64 (1.44, 1.87)*** | 2.38 (2.13, 2.65)*** | 1.13 (0.99, 1.29)+ | 1.19 (1.05, 1.34)** |
| Age | 1.00 (1.00, 1.01) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99)*** | 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) | 0.98 (0.98, 0.99)*** | 0.99 (0.99, 1.00)* |
| High school graduate | 1.53 (1.08, 2.16)* | 1.47 (1.12, 1.95)** | 1.25 (0.89, 1.74) | 1.16 (0.88, 1.53) | 0.95 (0.69, 1.32) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.25) |
| Achieved some college | 1.72 (1.23, 2.40)** | 2.11 (1.61, 2.76)*** | 1.53 (1.11, 2.11)** | 1.05 (0.82, 1.36) | 1.08 (0.79, 1.48) | 0.77 (0.58, 1.01)+ |
| Earned college degree or more | 1.89 (1.30, 2.73)*** | 2.57 (1.90, 3.48)*** | 1.55 (1.09, 2.21)* | 1.39 (1.05, 1.85)* | 1.13 (0.80, 1.59) | 0.80 (0.59, 1.09) |
| Male | 0.99 (0.80, 1.24) | 0.89 (0.75, 1.06) | 0.93 (0.76, 1.12) | 0.84 (0.72, 0.99)* | 0.79 (0.66, 0.95)* | 0.76 (0.64, 0.91)** |
| White race | 0.98 (0.63, 1.55) | 1.33 (0.96, 1.84)+ | 0.97 (0.66, 1.44) | 1.20 (0.89, 1.63) | 1.19 (0.82, 1.72) | 0.71 (0.51, 0.98)* |
| African American race | 0.99 (0.57, 1.71) | 1.53 (1.01, 2.33)* | 1.07 (0.63, 1.82) | 1.56 (1.07, 2.29)* | 1.07 (0.66, 1.73) | 1.09 (0.72, 1.65) |
| Hispanic race | 1.10 (0.63, 1.93) | 0.88 (0.59, 1.31) | 1.17 (0.70, 1.94) | 1.60 (1.09, 2.37)* | 1.42 (0.88, 2.28) | 1.15 (0.76, 1.74) |
| Annual income ≥$20 000 and <$50 000 |
1.03 (0.72, 1.49) | 1.78 (1.34, 2.36)*** | 1.03 (0.75, 1.39) | 1.03 (0.79, 1.35) | 1.33 (0.97, 1.82)+ | 0.75 (0.55, 1.02)+ |
| Annual income ≥$50 000 and <$100 000 |
1.51 (1.00, 2.28)* | 1.78 (1.29, 2.45)*** | 0.98 (0.68, 1.42) | 0.82 (0.61, 1.10) | 1.10 (0.79, 1.54) | 0.84 (0.59, 1.18) |
| Annual income ≥$100 000 | 0.84 (0.49, 1.45) | 1.20 (0.79, 1.81) | 0.85 (0.54, 1.34) | 0.76 (0.52, 1.09) | 0.82 (0.54, 1.24) | 0.89 (0.55, 1.44) |
| Tobacco surveys taken past year | 1.01 (0.92, 1.10) | 1.08 (1.00, 1.16)* | 1.00 (0.92, 1.09) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 0.95 (0.89, 1.03) |
| Media market population size | 0.91 (0.45, 1.81) | 0.59 (0.36, 0.98)* | 0.83 (0.44, 1.56) | 1.05 (0.65, 1.68) | 0.84 (0.46, 1.55) | 0.92 (0.52, 1.64) |
| Median income in media market | 1.19 (0.98, 1.44)+ | 1.08 (0.94, 1.23) | 1.11 (0.94, 1.30) | 1.13 (0.99, 1.28)+ | 1.12 (0.97, 1.29) | 1.13 (0.98, 1.30)+ |
| Percentage of media market with college degree |
0.99 (0.95, 1.02) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.03) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) | 0.98 (0.95, 1.01) |
| State per capita tobacco control funding |
1.62 (0.75, 3.48) | 1.55 (0.88, 2.76) | 1.74 (0.91, 3.33)+ | 1.53 (0.91, 2.56) | 1.60 (0.91, 2.84) | 1.79 (0.98, 3.26)+ |
| State cigarette tax | 1.04 (0.93, 1.18) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16) | 1.08 (0.98, 1.18) | 1.13 (1.05, 1.23)** | 1.01 (0.93, 1.11) | 1.03 (0.94, 1.13) |
| Time to first cigarette (in minutes) | 1.02 (0.91, 1.13) | 0.98 (0.90, 1.06) | 1.05 (0.96, 1.15) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.11) | 1.01 (0.93, 1.10) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.04) |
| Daily hours of television | 1.06 (0.98, 1.14) | 1.04 (0.98, 1.11) | 1.07 (1.00, 1.15)+ | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | 1.06 (0.99, 1.13)+ | 1.10 (1.03, 1.17)** |
| Other smoker in household | 0.92 (0.74, 1.14) | 0.91 (0.77, 1.07) | 1.04 (0.86, 1.26) | 1.05 (0.90, 1.23) | 1.06 (0.88, 1.27) | 0.87 (0.73, 1.04) |
| Children in household | 0.99 (0.78, 1.26) | 1.01 (0.83, 1.22) | 0.99 (0.79, 1.24) | 1.14 (0.96, 1.36) | 1.17 (0.96, 1.43) | 1.21 (1.00, 1.46)+ |
| Has a mental health condition | 1.54 (1.18, 2.01)** | 1.37 (1.11, 1.70)** | 1.30 (1.02, 1.64)* | 1.12 (0.91, 1.38) | 1.4 (1.13, 1.72)** | 1.01 (0.81, 1.27) |
| Has a non-mental chronic health condition |
1.68 (1.25, 2.25)*** | 1.29 (1.03, 1.62)* | 1.24 (0.95, 1.61) | 1.20 (0.97, 1.49) | 1.6 (1.23, 2.06)*** | 1.34 (1.07, 1.69)* |
| KP Panel | 1.05 (0.78, 1.41) | 0.73 (0.58, 0.91)** | 1.07 (0.84, 1.37) | 1.20 (0.96, 1.50) | 1.17 (0.89, 1.52) | 0.79 (0.62, 1.02)+ |
| Model N | 10 108 | 10 106 | 10 114 | 10 195 | 10 101 | 10 153 |
Note:
+
P<0.10,
*
P<0.05,
**
P<0.01,
***
P<0.001.
Reference categories for education, race, and income indicators are less than high school, other race, and income <$20 000, respectively.