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. 2015 Jan 9;27(8):1414–1419. doi: 10.1002/adma.201405044

Figure 1.

Figure 1

CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs) with ZnO or TiOx instead of F8 as the electron injector. a) Structure of PeLEDs with 20 nm Ca and 100 nm Ag top electrodes. b) Luminance versus applied bias of CH3NH3PbBr3 PeLEDs with SAALD ZnO deposited on top at 60 °C with O2 oxidant, 60 °C with H2O vapor oxidant and 150 °C using H2O vapor oxidant. PeLEDs with sol-gel TiOx electrodes are also shown. SEM images of: c) as-spun perovskite on PEDOT:PSS compared with the perovskite scanned with water vapor for 3 min at: d) 60 °C and e) 150 °C.