Fatigue: “How much of the time during the past 4 weeks did you feel tired?” 1 = All of the time, 2 = Most of the time, 3 = Some of the time, 4 = A little of the time, 5 = None of the time. Responses of “1” or “2” are scored as 1 and all others as 0. Baseline prevalence = 20.1%.

Resistance: “By yourself and not using aids, do you have any difficulty walking up 10 steps without resting?” 1 = Yes, 0 = No. Baseline prevalence = 25.5%.

Ambulation: By yourself and not using aids, do you have any difficulty walking several hundred yards?” 1 = Yes, 0 = No. Baseline prevalence = 27.7%.

Illnesse: For 11 illnesses, participants are asked, “Did a doctor ever tell you that you have [illness]?” 1 = Yes, 0 = No. The total illnesses (0–11) are recoded as 0–4 = 0 and 5–11 = 1. The illnesses include hypertension, diabetes, cancer (other than a minor skin cancer), chronic lung disease, heart attack, congestive heart failure, angina, asthma, arthritis, stroke, and kidney disease. Baseline prevalence = 2.1%.

Loss of weight: “How much do you weigh with your clothes on but without shoes? [current weight]” “One year ago in (MO, YR), how much did you weigh without your shoes and with your clothes on? [weight 1 year ago]” Percent weight change is computed as: [[weight 1 year ago - current weight]/weight 1 year ago]] * 100. Percent change > 5 (representing a 5% loss of weight) is scored as 1 and < 5 as 0. Baseline prevalence = 21.0%.