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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2015 Feb 23;7(5):655–677. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1339

Figure 5.

Figure 5

A) Direct and B) competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) should be used in combination to determine the PEG-specificity of Ab responses induced after treatment with a PEGylated agent (PEG-Ag1), as well as pre-existing α-PEG Abs. In direct ELISAs, PEG specificity can be confirmed by the cross-reactivity of α-PEG Abs to plates coated with pure PEG polymers (see A4) or other PEGylated materials (see A3). In competitive ELISAs, PEG specificity can be confirmed via the inhibition of α-PEG Ab binding by increasing concentrations of free PEG (see B4) or other PEGylated materials (see B3). Additionally, α-PEG Abs should not directly bind to non-PEGylated treatment agents (see A1) nor be competitively inhibited in their presence (see B1).