Table 3. PBL Positive preference from the PBL Preference Inventory as dependent variable in hierarchical linear regression analysis with three blocks of independent variables from survey (N=436).

Three blocks of independent variables	Adjusted for socio-cultural information			Adjusted for personality traits			Adjusted for PBL negative preference
	Β (standardized coefficient)	t	p-value	Β (standardized coefficient)	t	p-value	Β (standardized coefficient)	t	p-value
Block 1: Socio-cultural info
(Constant)		6.98	0.001		2.65	0.008		4.81	0.001
Gender (1: Male, 2: Female)	0.01	0.26	0.797	-0.04	-0.74	0.458	-0.08	-1.58	0.114
Age	-0.08	-1.15	0.250	-0.06	-1.01	0.312	-0.07	-1.27	0.204
Cohabitation
Living alone	0.05	042	0.679	0.07	0.60	0.550	0.01	0.11	0.914
With parents etc.	-0.07	-065	0.518	-0.64	-0.67	0.502	-010	-1.17	0.245
Fellow students	0.09	0.56	0.579	0.09	0.62	0.538	-0.03	-0.25	0.805
Partner / children	0.12	1.01	0.315	0.10	0.85	0.397	-0.001	-0.009	0.993
Medical school info
1st Year	-0.05	-0.67	0.504	-0.04	-0.55	0.583	-0.08	-1.20	0.229
2nd Year
6th Year	0.10	1.57	0.117	0.09	1.66	0.098	0.16	2.92	0.004
Nepal	-0.12	-1.88	0.060	-0.06	-0.98	0.328	-0.29	-4.36	0.001
Norway
N Dakota	0.27	3.39	0.001	0.21	2.82	0.005	0.12	1.72	0.086
R2 adjusted	0.07
F of equation	F= 3.98; p<0.001
Block 2: Personality traits
Neuroticism				0.08	1.52	0.129	0.13	2.47	0.014
Extraversion				0.24	4.35	0.001	0.18	3.56	0.001
Openness to experience				0.16	3.39	0.001	0.11	2.59	0.010
Agreeableness				-0.05	-0.84	0.403	-0.09	-1.70	0.090
Conscientiousness				0.25	5.04	0.001	0.28	6.00	0.001
R2 adjusted				0.20
F of equation				F= 7.37; p< 0.001
Block 3: Opposite PBL preference
PBL Negative							-0.40	-8.17	0.001
R2 adjusted							0.31
F of equation							F=12.28; p<0.001