TABLE 3.
Adjusted ORs (95% CIs) from logistic regression analyses of depression prevalence according to quintiles of energy partition–adjusted GI and glycemic load1
| Prevalent depression at baseline, OR (95% CI) |
|||||
| Median | Prevalent depression at baseline, n | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
| Dietary GI | |||||
| First quintile | 47.1 | 1667 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Second quintile | 49.9 | 1710 | 1.04 (0.97, 1.12) | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) |
| Third quintile | 51.8 | 1914 | 1.10 (1.02, 1.18) | 1.05 (0.97, 1.13) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) |
| Fourth quintile | 53.7 | 1997 | 1.16 (1.08, 1.24) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.10) | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) |
| Fifth quintile | 56.5 | 2504 | 1.51 (1.42, 1.62) | 1.16 (1.07, 1.25) | 1.08 (0.99, 1.17) |
| P-trend | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.2420 | ||
| Dietary glycemic load, g/d | |||||
| First quintile | 57.9 | 1992 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Second quintile | 80.8 | 1783 | 0.86 (0.80, 0.92) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.05) | 0.94 (0.86, 1.02) |
| Third quintile | 99.7 | 1739 | 0.80 (0.75, 0.86) | 0.94 (0.86, 1.03) | 0.89 (0.80, 0.99) |
| Fourth quintile | 121.2 | 1867 | 0.84 (0.78, 0.90) | 1.00 (0.90, 1.11) | 0.93 (0.83, 1.05) |
| Fifth quintile | 159.8 | 2411 | 1.05 (0.97, 1.13) | 1.16 (1.01, 1.32) | 1.05 (0.90, 1.22) |
| P-trend | 0.7789 | 0.0598 | 0.3951 | ||
1
Model 1 was energy partition adjusted; model 2 adjusted for variables in model 1 plus age, race-ethnicity, education, income, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer disease, hormone replacement therapy, physical activity, alcohol, smoking, stressful life events, social support, and energy-adjusted intakes of SFAs, MUFAs, PUFAs, and trans fatty acids; model 3 adjusted for variables in model 2 plus energy-adjusted intakes of fruit, vegetables, legumes, nuts/seeds, and fiber and Healthy Eating Index score. GI, glycemic index.