Figure 1.

Hypothetical example of the withdrawal design (ABAB).

Notes: Y-axis shows number of responses per 10 minutes. The first condition is a baseline condition with low rate of responding. The second condition is the first introduction of IV where a change in the dependent variable is observed. The third condition is a reintroduction of the baseline condition where rate of responding decreases again. And the last condition is a reintroduction of the IV.

Abbreviations: IV, independent variable; A, baseline; B, introduction of IV.