Identification and verification of P4/PGR-downstream genes in rat granulosa cells. Granulosa cells obtained from rat preovulatory ovaries (48 h post-PMSG) were cultured for 8 h in medium alone or with RU486 (PGR antagonist; 1μM) in the absence or presence of hCG (1 IU/ml). The levels of mRNA for Snap25 (A), Cxcr4 (B), Adamts1(C), Btg2 (D), Gos2 (E), Mmp10(F), End2 (G), S100a3 (H), Pacap (I), and Xlr5c-like (J) were measured using real-time PCR and normalized to the L32 value in each sample. Experiments were repeated at least 4 times, each with different granulosa cell samples (mean ± SEM). Bars with no common superscripts are significantly different (p < 0.05).