Table 1.
Drug detection rates for ARVs in meconium in 587 3rd trimester and 107 only 2nd trimester ARV exposed samples
| ARVa | Infants with any 3rd trimester exposurebc |
3rd Trimester meconium ARV drug detection (%) |
Infants with only 3rd trimester exposurebc |
Proportion with meconium ARV drug detection (%) |
Median (range) positive meconium concentration from infants with only 3rd trimester exposure, ng/g |
Infants with some 2nd and 3rd trimester exposurebc |
Proportion with meconium ARV drug detection (%) |
Median (range) positive meconium concentration from infants with 2nd and 3rd trimester exposure, ng/g |
Infants with only 2nd trimester exposurebc |
Proportion with meconium ARV drug detection (%) |
Median (range) positive meconium concentration from infants with 2nd trimester exposure, ng/g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protease inhibitors (PIs) | |||||||||||
| RTV | 442 | 85.7 | 31 | 27 (87.1) | 201 (13 – 4302) | 411 | 352 (85.6) | 368 (11 – 30349) | 7 | 0 | |
| LPV | 196 | 94.4 | 25 | 23 (92.0) | 24800 (46 – 149602) | 171 | 162 (94.7) | 38553 (10 – 546720) | 21 | 3 (14.3) | 177 (29 – 2401) |
| ATV | 190 | 92.6 | 14 | 14 (100) | 9026 (139 – 143018) | 176 | 162 (92.1) | 16929 (29 – 125352) | 11 | 0 | |
| DRV | 56 | 91.1 | 3 | 2 (66.7) | 578 (156 – 1000) | 53 | 49 (92.5) | 17900 (222 – 240517) | 1 | 0 | |
| NFV | 44 | 90.9 | 2 | 2 (100) | 1822 (484 – 3160) | 42 | 38 (90.5) | 10292 (11 – 314133) | 5 | 0 | |
| SQV | 13 | 92.3 | 1 | 1 (100) | 85432 | 12 | 11 (91.7) | 16620 (114 – 36200) | 0 | ||
| Non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) | |||||||||||
| NVP | 20 | 90.0 | 1 | 1 (100) | 1451 | 19 | 17 (89.5) | 3734 (77 – 17465) | 0 | ||
| EFV | 7 | 85.7 | 5 | 4 (80.0) | 2555 (1776 – 40853) | 2 | 2 (100) | 5056 (2096 – 8016) | 7 | 1 (14.3) | 356 |
| Integrase inhibitors | |||||||||||
| RAL | 47 | 93.6 | 17 | 16 (94.1) | 2545 (67 – 16178) | 30 | 28 (93.3) | 1912 (38 – 21280) | 1 | 0 | |
| Nucleoside/Nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) | |||||||||||
| 3TC | 344 | 89.0 | 21 | 19 (90.5) | 1993 (80 – 11745) | 323 | 287 (88.9) | 2101 (55 – 40345) | 11 | 0 | |
| TFV | 269 | 93.3 | 25 | 21 (84.0) | 2160 (37 – 37162) | 244 | 230 (94.3) | 7800 (11 – 89655) | 17 | 2 (11.8) | 79 (22 – 135) |
| FTC | 254 | 89.4 | 22 | 18 (81.8) | 700 (35 – 4268) | 232 | 209 (90.1) | 991 (15 – 57126) | 19 | 0 | |
| ABC | 99 | 91.9 | 7 | 5 (71.4) | 417 (234 – 3748) | 92 | 86 (93.5) | 882 (10 – 12873) | 7 | 0 | |
| d4T | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 (0) | 0 | |||||
a
RTV, ritonavir; LPV, lopinavir, ATV, atazanavir; DRV, darunavir; NFV, nelfinavir; SQV, saquinavir; NVP, nevirapine; EFV, efavirenz; RAL, raltegravir; 3TC, lamivudine; TFV, tenofovir; FTC, emtricitabine; ABC, abacavir; d4T, stavudine; Data for zidovudine (AZT) meconium drug detection shown separately due to other common exposure routes, including labor and delivery (L&D) and neonatal administration. No amprenavir exposure examples examined in this sample population.
b
Complete exposure duration for the entire listed trimester was not required for group inclusion here.
c
Column sets are not exclusive. Infants in each column set may overlap.